UPDATE: A new report released during COP30 has raised urgent concerns about the risks of transforming oceans into carbon sinks. Experts from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology stress that current technologies to absorb carbon dioxide from oceans are too uncertain to implement safely at scale.
This alarming announcement comes as world leaders gather in Brazil to address the escalating climate crisis. As the 1.5°C temperature threshold looms closer, researchers warn that prioritizing emissions cuts is critical—ocean-based methods should only be considered later and with stringent oversight.
The report, led by Helene Muri of the European Marine Board, highlights that while oceans can naturally absorb carbon, the methods being explored, known as marine carbon dioxide removal technologies, lack reliable safeguards. Without robust monitoring and verification, these initiatives could exacerbate existing environmental problems.
The potential for ocean-based carbon removal is significant. Strategies include enhancing plankton growth or using chemical techniques to directly extract carbon from seawater. However, the report emphasizes that comprehensive monitoring is essential to ensure that these methods do not create new risks.
During the COP30 Leaders’ Summit, UN Secretary-General António Guterres underscored the urgency of the situation, stating, “The 1.5°C limit is a red line for humanity. It must be kept within reach.” He called for immediate action to reduce emissions, reiterating that existing methods are already proven and effective.
Muri stated, “We know how to cut emissions, and we have lots of methods that work. That has to take top priority.” The report warns against rushing into marine carbon removal without establishing clear standards to monitor its effectiveness and environmental impact.
The challenges of carbon removal from oceans are compounded by the fact that some sectors, such as aviation and shipping, are difficult to decarbonize. To achieve climate targets, countries aim for net-zero emissions by 2050, meaning any remaining emissions must be balanced by significant carbon removal.
The report indicates that up to 10 gigatons of CO2 may need to be removed annually to stay on track for the 1.5°C target, according to scenarios from the IPCC. Current global CO2 emissions stand at 42.4 gigatons, highlighting the scale of the challenge.
Muri cautioned that while marine carbon removal could play a role in future climate strategies, “this is not a miracle ocean fix to climate change.” She stressed the need for scientific governance and comprehensive standards before scaling up these technologies.
The report underscores the urgency for governments and industry to engage in responsible development of marine carbon removal techniques. As the climate crisis accelerates, it is clear that every option must be considered with caution and thorough scientific evaluation.
As the world watches the ongoing discussions at COP30, the findings serve as a crucial reminder: while innovation is needed, safeguarding our oceans must remain a priority. Experts urge immediate focus on proven emissions reduction methods before venturing into uncertain territory with ocean carbon strategies.
Stay tuned as more developments unfold and the global community grapples with the pressing realities of climate change.
